Prevalencia de la Enfermedad Celíaca en Pacientes del Hospital Univalle – 2016- 2019.

Jacqueline  Borda Zambrana; Edson  Flores; Sarah  Vasquez; Yhassyre  Abularach Borda

doi:10.52428/20756208.v13i37.319

Autores/as

Jacqueline Borda Zambrana
Edson Flores
Sarah Vasquez
Yhassyre Abularach Borda

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52428/20756208.v13i37.319

Palabras clave:

Autoinmunidad, Enfermedad, Pruebas serológicas

Resumen

La enfermedad celiaca es una enteropatía crónica de la mucosa del intestino delgado causada por la intolerancia al gluten, que resulta en atrofia vellositaria, malabsorción y síntomas clínicos que pueden manifestarse en la niñez y en el adulto. Los tests serológicos permiten el diagnóstico. La biopsia duodenal es el estándar de oro para el diagnóstico. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, transversal a 86 pacientes de la consulta de gastroenterología en el Hospital Univalle -Cochabamba, el año 2016 - 2019, determinando las pruebas serológicas (EMA, tTGA y antigliadina) y endoscopia alta. Observándose mayor positividad de enfermedad celiaca en el sexo femenino que en el masculino, y permanece sin diagnosticar en una proporción significativa de individuos, estas pruebas no son solicitadas cotidianamente. Por ello, es difícil establecer la frecuencia real de esta enfermedad.
Los datos de prevalencia hallados en este estudio confirman que la enfermedad celiaca constituye un problema salud pública en el país. Entre las regiones con una mayor prevalencia (hasta el 1 % de la población total), se encuentran Europa y EE. UU., donde la alimentación se basa en alimentos con gluten. En el Hospital Univalle durante las gestiones 2016 al 2019 se atendieron 19.912 pacientes, con una prevalencia de 0,05%, observándose una poca prevalencia en nuestro país, debido a la falta de estudios y la clínica.

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