Desarrollo rápido de polímeros con impresión molecular para la remoción eficiente de iones de cadmio del agua
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52428/27888991.v7i11.1474Palabras clave:
Polimero, RemoverResumen
Los polímeros con impresión molecular (MIPs, por sus siglas en inglés) son redes poliméricas entrecruzadas especializadas diseñadas para mostrar una fuerte afinidad hacia moléculas, iones o especies metálicas específicas, y también pueden exhibir una selectividad notable frente a compuestos estructuralmente relacionados. En este trabajo se describe la creación de un polímero impreso con iones de cadmio (II) destinado a la extracción selectiva de iones de cadmio de matrices acuosas. Se utilizó 4-vinilpiridina como monómero funcional en el proceso de polimerización en bloque empleado para la síntesis del polímero. Para lograr una caracterización completa se realizaron análisis termogravimétricos (TGA), microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM) y análisis elemental CHNS. Se llevaron a cabo estudios de equilibrio para verificar las propiedades de adsorción, determinándose que el mecanismo de adsorción es exotérmico y sigue cinética pseudo-primer orden, de acuerdo con los análisis cinéticos y termodinámicos. Cuando se probó en mezclas binarias de iones, el polímero sintetizado mostró una selectividad excepcional hacia los iones Cd(II). Además, durante múltiples ciclos de adsorción-desorción, el material demostró una capacidad de regeneración sobresaliente.
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