Estado actual y medidas de mitigación de los recursos hídricos y del suelo en la cuenca del río Syr Daria en Kazajistán
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https://doi.org/10.52428/27888991.v7i11.1236Palabras clave:
Syr Darya River Basin, ; Spatial distribution of land Use, Water resourcesResumen
El cambio climático y las actividades humanas se han convertido en los mayores desafíos para el desarrollo sostenible de la agricultura en la cuenca del río Syr Daria. Se estudió el patrón de distribución espacial del uso del suelo y el estado actual del desarrollo y la utilización de los recursos hídricos en la cuenca del río Syr Daria, y se analizaron con énfasis las tendencias de cambio de la temperatura y la precipitación en dicha cuenca durante el período 1950–2021. Los resultados muestran que las superficies de tierras cultivadas, bosques, pastizales, áreas de construcción y tierras desnudas en la cuenca presentaron, en general, una tendencia creciente entre 2000 y 2015. Entre 1950 y 2021, la tasa de incremento de la temperatura en la cuenca del río Syr Daria fue de 0,323 °C por década, mientras que la tasa de aumento de la precipitación fue de 1,393 mm por década. Esta investigación proporciona una base científica para la gestión racional, el desarrollo y la utilización sostenible de los recursos hídricos y del suelo en la cuenca del río Syr Daria.
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