THE EVOLUTION OF DEMOCRATIC CULTURE IN LIGHT OF THE PROCESSES FOR ELECTING JUDICIAL AUTHORITIES IN BOLIVIA.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52428/30074320.v2i4.1432Keywords:
Cultura democrática, Elecciones judiciales, Legitimidad institucional, Independencia judicial, Voto popular, Tribunal Constitucional Plurinacional, Autoprórrogas Injerencia política, Participación ciudadana, Reforma judicialAbstract
This article analyzes the evolution of democratic culture in the processes of electing judicial authorities in Bolivia, particularly since the implementation of popular vote as a selection mechanism in 2009. The main objective is to assess how this model has influenced the legitimacy of the judicial system and public perception of justice. The methodological approach is comparative, analytical, and critical, based on constitutional rulings, electoral results, and legislative changes in the three judicial elections held in 2011, 2017, and 2024. The study reveals that many null and blank votes marked the first two elections due to perceived political interference and a lack of judicial independence. In contrast, the 2024 elections showed improved citizen participation, indicating a maturing democratic culture and greater civic awareness. Key findings include judicial term extensions, lack of meritocracy, and ties between some magistrates and political power, which undermined the legitimacy of the Judicial Branch. The article concludes that while the popular vote mechanism can strengthen democracy, its effectiveness depends on transparency, power separation, and informed participation. Moreover, it emphasizes that a strong democratic culture is essential to ensure the legitimacy of judicial institutions and consolidate a true Rule of Law in Bolivia.
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