Systematic review: the silent toxic of modern life bisphenol A

Abstract

This review article explores the various effects on humans produced by exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA), a substance that acts as an endocrine disruptor or disruptor. It was initially developed as a synthetic hormone that was later used to make plastic and cover plastic containers. Food and drinks. Polycarbonate is a type of clear, rigid plastic, made mostly of bisphenol A, that is used to make reusable water dispensers, food storage containers, and beverage bottles. It is also used to make many other objects not related to food, with which we are in contact every day, such as CDs or DVDs, glasses, car headlights, toys, etc. The objective of this review is to provide useful information and scientific evidence, to take prevention and containment actions at the local level, avoiding its exposure in populations considered to be at high risk. Despite numerous studies conducted over the past decade on Bisphenol A (BPA), there is still disagreement among the scientific world, regulatory agencies, environmental health advocates, and industry representatives, whether exposure to BPA poses a relevant risk to people's health. It is frequently pointed out that the current scientific evidence is still insufficient to be used in risk assessments, due to the uncertainties inherent in the study designs (mostly based on effects observed in animals). The European Union, however, has classified BPA as a “substance of very high concern”, as it is considered toxic due to its endocrine disrupting effects on human health and the environment (BfR, 2023b). At the international level, measures have been taken to protect the most susceptible populations, particularly babies and infants, such as the prohibition of the use of BPA in the manufacture of feeding bottles (such as bottles or pacifiers) and the setting of concentration limits for BPA in food and liquids.